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Pumps and pumping systems are among the most expensive pieces of equipment used by water utilities and other large water distribution facilities. Although the actual parameters of pump performance are important, they are often unknown to anyone other than the engineer designing the pumping system. Even operators tend to view pump systems as an unknowable and unchangeable part of their work environment. However, what seems to be a lack of understanding of the most important tool in many fluid delivery systems can sometimes become a real problem.

While most pumps used in large-scale operations are generally robust, their efficiency, like any machinery, decreases over time. This is especially troublesome when such pumps support integral operations such as fire suppression systems in large commercial buildings or facilities that handle municipal wastewater. Regardless of its purpose, a pump's efficiency decreases as parts wear out. When pump efficiency drops, those responsible for system maintenance have more control than they think, and fixing pump problems starts with testing.

The Importance of Pump Efficiency for Pumping Systems

In industries that rely on intensive pumping of water, electric motors account for more than 50% of the energy consumed. Although pumps are fundamentally efficient, they can, and often do, operate inefficiently.

When pump efficiency is optimized, the pumping system:

Reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.

Improve the profitability of business operations through energy conservation.

Ensures fewer repairs required.

Lower maintenance costs because pump components don’t have to work as hard.

Make the entire system more reliable.

It is entirely possible to save anywhere from 20% to over 40% on the energy costs of running a water pump. Efficiency is especially important for pump systems that must operate around the clock, as is the case with municipal water treatment plants. When it comes to plant water transfer, pump efficiency means energy cost savings of nearly 50%. In fact, up to 75% of operating costs over the life of a pump system are related to the energy used.

As with any water pump, efficiency can be determined by looking at the pump's peak performance point. This is called the Best Energy Point (BEP), and the further the pump is from the BEP, the more energy it requires to move a small amount of water. Pump efficiency also helps ensure system reliability while reducing operating and maintenance costs. Conversely, when water pumps experience premature wear, motor failure, and other problems, inefficiency can be the culprit. In fact, even a pump efficiency that is 15% less than optimal for a wastewater treatment facility can result in an increase in costs of up to 45%.